文章出自 Leaders 板块，讲的是 Long covid。什么是“long covid”呢？先来了解一下：
Long covid 是指首次感染新冠病毒后可能持续数周或数月，或在感染后数周出现的一系列症状。任何患有新冠的人都可能患上long covid，包括以下不同症状组合：疲劳乏力、难以思考或集中注意力（“脑雾”）、头痛、嗅觉和味觉失灵、站立时眩晕、心悸、胸部疼痛、呼吸急促、咳嗽、关节或肌肉疼痛、发热、体力或脑力活动后症状加重。
——美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）官网
专家们给 long covid 这种症状取了个正经名字：post-acute sequelae SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC)，暂且译为新冠肺炎后遗症吧。
了解了文章主题 lond covid，我们开始读文章吧。
导语
Evidence is mounting that long covid is a real threat to global health
导语说有很多证据表明新冠肺炎后遗症（long covid）对全球健康来说是一大威胁。
mount 是山，做动词表示像山峰一样往上长，即“持续增加”，可以用来替换 increase、add 等比较普通的词。相比之下，mount 会更加形象。
Evidence is mounting 后面直接加 that 引导的从句，指出证据体现了什么。
注意，evidence is mounting that…不宜直译为“xx的证据正在逐渐增加”，要符合汉语表达，应该说“越来越多证据表明…”。反之同理，要表示“越来越多…”是，不一定要译为“more and more”，可以译成动词：evidence is mounting that ；或译成形容词 mounting/increasing evidence is showing that…
那么导语的意思就是：越来越多证据表明新冠后遗症严重威胁全球健康。
第一段
①As the world enters the second year of the pandemic, two crises are unfolding. ②The more urgent and visible one is in poor countries like India, where a surge of covid-19 cases is threatening to overwhelm the state. ③India is recording more than 350,000 cases a day, and many more than that are thought to be going undetected. ④The suffering is grievous. ⑤Oxygen supplies at Indian hospitals are running far short of what is needed, and crematoriums are overwhelmed.
①As the world enters the second year of the pandemic, two crises are unfolding.
第一句开门见山，直接指出在这个时候（疫情的第二年），有两大危机正在显现。
fold是折叠，unfold 不折叠，即“打开、展开、展现”。比起用 there be 句型说 there are two crises， two crises are unfolding 更好，因为 there be 句型是“某处有某物”，是静态的；而用动词则有一种动态感，危机就像一团乌云渐渐浮现，这正好和导语相照应：evidence are mounting。证据越来越多，危机也逐渐明显。
unfold 还能表示“故事情节展开”、“事件发展”、“倾诉”：
The audience watched as the story unfolded before their eyes. 观众注视着剧情逐渐地展开。
She unfolded her tale to us. 她向我们倾吐了她的故事。
The outcome depends on conditions as well as how events unfold. 结果取决于条件以及事件如何发展。
随着全球步入新冠疫情第二年，两大危机正在显现。
②The more urgent and visible one is in poor countries like India, where a surge of covid-19 cases is threatening to overwhelm the state.
②句开始讲第一个危机，也是最紧要最明显的危机：贫困的国家，如印度，要被新冠病毒击垮了。
这句话用 where 引导定语从句，很好地把句子串连在一起。而且 从句里用 a surge of covid-19 cases 做主语，非常地道，值得学习。“印度确诊病例疯狂上涨，带来严重威胁。”这句话要是让我们来说，可能会写成：The covid-19 cases in India is surging, which severely threatens the state. 但是用 a surge of covid-19 case 做主语就会更加简洁，把一个句子的意思浓缩在一个短语中，这是外刊里经常出现的表达方式，我们可以学习模仿，让英语表达更加地道。
overwhelm 做动词，是“使应接不暇；压垮”，if work or a problem overwhelms someone, it is too much or too difficult to deal with. 在关于疫情的报道中，讲到医院“不堪重负”，经常会出现 overwhelm 这个词，本段后面还会出现。例句：
We were overwhelmed by the number of applications.申请书多得让我们应接不暇。
其中最紧要也最明显的危机，发生在贫困国家，比如印度，确诊病例疯涨，造成严重威胁，国家不堪重负。
③India is recording more than 350,000 cases a day, and many more than that are thought to be going undetected.
①The other crisis is more subtle. ②This is long covid, which is becoming apparent in rich countries like America, Britain, and Isreal that have largely vaccinated their way out of the pandemic, but which will affect poor ones, too. ③Post-covid syndrome, to give it its formal name, is a set of symptoms affecting any part of the body that persists for at least three months after a bout of covid-19. ④Three stand out: breathlessness, fatigue, and “brain fog”. ⑤In Britain three in every five people with long covid say their usual activities are somewhat limited, and one in five says they are limited “a lot”—which often means being unable to do even a part-time, desk-based job.
第二段比较长，但不难理解。总体意思就是讲第二个危机：long covid，主要介绍什么是 long covid 及其对人们工作生活的影响。下面简单分享一些要点吧。
①The other crisis is more subtle. ②This is long covid, which is becoming apparent in rich countries like America, Britain, and Isreal that have largely vaccinated their way out of the pandemic, but which will affect poor ones, too.
注意 vaccinate their way out of 的表达。本身 a way out of 、make one's way out of 就表示“找到出路、摆脱困境”。原文直接把动词 vaccinate 放在 way out of 前面，表示这些国家是通过“打疫苗”来摆脱新冠困境的，用法很灵活，表达也简洁。
③Post-covid syndrome, to give it its formal name, is a set of symptoms affecting any part of the body that persists for at least three months after a bout of covid-19. ④Three stand out: breathlessness, fatigue, and “brain fog”.
③、④句是解释什么是是 long covid 及其主要症状。
post-covid syndrome “新冠肺炎后遗症”是 long covid 的正式说法。bout 是疾病“发病期”，a bout of covid-19 是新冠肺炎发作。brian fog “脑雾” 指的是无法思考或集中注意力。
⑤In Britain three in every five people with long covid say their usual activities are somewhat limited, and one in five says they are limited “a lot”—which often means being unable to do even a part-time, desk-based job.
1. One crisis is that poor countries are overwhelmed by surging covid-19 cases, the other is the long covid. The differences: the first one is more obvious, while the second one is more subtle; the first one is often seen in poor countries, while the second mostly happens in rich countries.
Some of these ongoing symptoms can be very serious. The Mayo Clinic reports that organ damage can occur in the following parts of the body:
Heart. Heart scans taken months after COVID-19 recovery have shown “lasting damage” to the heart muscle, even in patients who had mild coronavirus symptoms. One study published in JAMA Cardiology found that 78 of 100 subjects diagnosed with COVID-19 showed evidence of heart damage caused by the disease weeks after they recovered.
Lungs. Pneumonia, which often develops from COVID-19, can leave scar tissue on the air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs, which can cause long-term breathing problems.
Brain. COVID-19 can cause strokes, seizures and Guillain-Barre syndrome, even among young patients. It may also add to the risk of developing Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
Circulatory system. COVID-19 appears to raise the risk for blood clots. Larger clots can cause heart attacks and strokes. But very small clots in the capillaries of the heart muscle are believed to cause most of the lasting cases of heart damage. Weakened blood vessels may also lead to long-term liver, kidney and leg problems.
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